5Processing

//Definition of Processing//
Processing is the information process that involves the manipulation of the data.

**CPU-Central processing unit**:
__//Two components//__
 * The CPU is the 'brain' of the computer. It acepts the data from an input device and processes this data according to a set of instructions that are given by the user.
 * It then sends the results to an output device.
 * The CPU is a set of electrical circuts, and is responsible for controlling + processing all the data within the computer.
 * **Control unit:** directs and co ordinates the entire computer system. It selects and retrives the instructions from the storage, interprets this data and then strats the required operation.
 * **ALU-Arithmetic logic unit**: It performs all of the arithmetical and logical calculations (including addition and subtraction) Has registers (temporary storage area for small amounts of data/instructions) This provides the CPU with fast access to data.
 * The fetch-execture cycle(4 steps):**
 * 1) Control unit fetches data from memory
 * 2) Control unit decodes the instructiosn + the data is availablefor the ALU.
 * 3) THe ALU performs the operation of the data
 * 4) The control unit places the result of th eoperation into memory/or a register.

//Most CPUs use piplelining. The CPU getches a new instruction as soon as a different instruction moves to the next stage.//

//Software used for Processing//

 * Each piece of application software processes data. It processes the data by editing and manipulating it.
 * Text and Numbers || They are processed in a variety of different ways, such as inserting, moving and copying.

In spread sheets, calculations are performed using formulas. Errors in text are processed using a spell/grammar checker. ||
 * Images || Are processed using graphic tools.

Graphics can be processed through positioning, cropping, resizing and by distorted the. ||
 * Video and Audio || Can be edited using digital video production software + audio software.

Processing video formats can involve adding text, audio and graphics to the video clip.

Processing audio can involve deleting sounds, changing the temp adding effects, overlaying and altering the quality of the sound file. ||

//Non-comp tools for Processing//

 * **Name** || **What it is** ||
 * Documentation || Written explanation of the procedures for processing.

Can be a detailed description of the processes or a set of steps to be followed. Documentation in the form of user manuals is provided by software companies to explain products. || Other examples include filing cabinets and colour coding systems.
 * Data Flow Diagram || It is a graphical representation of a method using a number of processes together with inputs, outputs and storage, They focus on the flow of data between information processes in a system. ||

//Social and Ethical issues for Processing//